(PBA) En 2018, las centrales de atención de emergencias 911 de la provincia de Buenos Aires recibieron cerca de un millón de llamadas provenientes de todas las empresas de seguridad privada, a las que deben acudir móviles policiales y de las cuales al menos la mitad arrojan resultados negativos durante la inspección, es decir que la alarma se había “disparado” por alguna circunstancia no relacionada con el delito.
El servicio que ofrecen muchas de las empresas de seguridad llega hasta la instancia en que suena la alarma, pero luego no todas realizan los procedimientos de verificación necesarios para averiguar qué ocurrió, sino que dan aviso al propietario y a la policía, siendo la fuerza de seguridad bonaerense la encargada de ir hasta el domicilio a constatar el motivo de la señal. Para evitar que esto continúe ocurriendo, la legislatura bonaerense pretende convertir en ley un proyecto que busca que las compañías privadas se hagan cargo de verificar la señal de alarma que reciben.
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“No podemos permitir que una empresa privada use la fuerza pública para beneficio propio, cuando a los usuarios les están cobrando un canon por ese servicio; por eso esperamos que con esta ley se agoten todos los procedimientos de verificación antes de dar aviso al 911″, dijo a La Nación el diputado bonaerense que impulsa el proyecto, Guillermo Bordón. Además, agregó que la iniciativa surgió luego de detectar que “una gran cantidad de estas compañías que cuentan con un servicio de monitoreo llaman al 911 en casi la mayoría de los casos en que salta una alarma”. También indicó que “están quitando recursos públicos a la población en general” y que “los policías podrían estar realizando otras tareas para detener a los delincuentes”.
Cuando se dispara una alarma, muchas de las prestadoras llaman al dueño de la propiedad y en el caso de que este no responda inmediatamente dan aviso al servicio de emergencia 911 para que un móvil policial asista al lugar, ya que la mayoría no cuenta con un sistema propio de patrullaje. Con este proyecto se obligará a que realicen una constatación previa, y para eso deberán contar con guardias de seguridad y un vehículo de verificación personal, que se encargará de desplazarse al domicilio donde se produjo la alarma para comprobar que sea una amenaza real, en el caso de encontrarse con un delito, antes de llamar al 911.
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Policías bonaerenses “extravían” más de 200 armas por año
Los datos arrojados por la Central de Atención Telefónica de Emergencia (CATE) establecen que el 18% de las llamadas que ingresan al 911 corresponden a empresas privadas de alarmas. Con un promedio de 2645 llamadas por día en 2018 y 2516 en 2017, los legisladores que impulsan el proyecto están preocupados por la cantidad de recursos que se usan para atender esta creciente demanda, que en total insume unos 16 operadores del 911 para responder exclusivamente este tipo de llamadas.
De las 965.576 llamadas realizadas el año pasado, el 43% correspondieron a 38 distritos de la zona que integran el Gran Buenos Aires, La Plata y su zona de influencia.
La Argentina está lejos de ser el único país que se enfrenta a esta problemática. Según datos del Centro para la Policía Orientada a los Problemas (COPS), la tasa nacional de falsas alarmas de Estados Unidos es de entre 94 y 98%. Los contribuyentes pagaron allí un total de 1,8 mil millones de dólares en tiempo y recursos malgastados de la policía debido a falsas alarmas. En tanto, la policía de la ciudad canadiense de Toronto anticipó el año pasado que no responderá a ninguna alarma de seguridad en propiedades privadas a menos que haya evidencia de un delito, con el objetivo de reducir el número de llamadas falsas, que según datos oficiales alcanza el 97%.
En la provincia de Buenos Aires son 23 las empresas privadas que representan el 80% de las llamadas tipificadas como alarmas.
En busca de mayor eficacia
Jorge Schwartzbart, director de operaciones e instalaciones de LoJack, comentó a La Nación que en el caso de la empresa de origen norteamericano saben que “en situaciones de riesgo es muy valorado por los usuarios contar con una inmediata reacción y accionar de las fuerzas policiales, pero en caso de aprobarse la ley deberíamos volver a trabajar sobre nuestros procedimientos sin afectar la tranquilidad de nuestros clientes de sentirse protegidos”, continuó Schwartzbart.
Por su parte, ADT confirmó que se encuentra comprometida con la eficiencia en el uso de los recursos policiales, por eso desarrolló un estricto protocolo de verificación de alarmas que permite filtrar más del 90% de los eventos que diariamente se reportan a su Central de Monitoreo certificada; además, capacitan a sus clientes sobre el correcto uso del sistema.
La Cámara Argentina de Seguridad Electrónica (Casel) también está buscando la manera de aliviar los costos del Estado por la reiteración de falsas alarmas. Según su presidente, Enrique Greenberg, “simplemente con aplicar un procedimiento de doble verificación y hacer una instrucción correcta del sistema al usuario de las alarmas, estimamos que en una primera etapa se puede reducir fácilmente un 30% la cantidad de llamadas”.
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Se sancionó la ley que incorpora el acoso callejero como un modo de violencia de género
En tanto, sugirió que hay una gran cantidad de llamadas que se hacen al 911 sin las verificaciones y que ese es el causal que genera la mayoría del movimiento de los patrulleros sin sentido. “La solicitud de despacho de un móvil al 911 no debería ser atendida si proviene de empresas no habilitadas. Existe una responsabilidad de las autoridades de asegurarse que las llamadas sean originadas en prestadoras habilitadas y autorizadas de acuerdo con la reglamentación de la provincia”, continuó.
Por su parte, Walter Smith, secretario de la Cámara de Empresas de Seguridad de Buenos Aires (Caesba), confirmó: “Nuestro sector está muy regulado, pero es informal, y eso hay que corregirlo, la ley bonaerense (la norma 12.297) castiga al usuario que contrata a una empresa de monitoreo no habilitada por el Ministerio de Seguridad con multas de hasta $300.000 para el usuario y de más de $1.000.000 para la empresa; sin embargo, aún no se han aplicado”.
El proyecto de ley también exige que se apliquen sanciones por incumplimiento y que las empresas cuenten con un número de operadores proporcional al número de conexiones que tengan contratadas y que no cuenten con al menos dos operadores por turno. Sin embargo, Greenberg indicó que “el costo de incorporar personal y vehículos sería muy alto, y llevaría a modificar la ecuación económica, haciendo a estos servicios mucho más caros de lo que son habitualmente”.
Instalan en Quilmes un sistema vecinal de alerta
El municipio de Quilmes instaló alarmas comunales que podrán ser activadas por los vecinos frente a situaciones de riesgo. En los últimos días, el intendente Martiniano Molina se reunió con frentistas de las calles Julio Argentino Roca, Luis Agote, Constancio Vigil y José Blanco, en la zona de Quilmes Oeste, quienes recibieron los controles remotos que permiten la activación de esos sistemas de alerta. Hasta el momento, 450 vecinos cuentan con la posibilidad de generar avisos sonoros frente a un peligro en su cuadra. NR
Fuente consultada: La Nación
La entrada El 18% de las llamadas que ingresan al 911 en la Provincia son de empresas de alarmas aparece primero en Parabuenosaires.
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