Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires

Crecieron 56% las multas por manejar usando el celular en la Ciudad

(CABA) El celular funciona como una extensión de la mano, al punto que muchas veces ni siquiera se registra el momento en el que los ojos se enfocan en la pantalla y lo que está alrededor se desdibuja. Está en la mesa, en la cama, en el baño. También, detrás del volante, donde emplearlo puede provocar la muerte. Pero ni ese riesgo parece suficiente: en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, durante 2018, hubo un 56% más de multas por manejar usando el celular.

El crecimiento es respecto a 2017 y muestra que cada vez son más los automovilistas que cometen la infracción. El asunto en términos de seguridad vial es preocupante. Cuando un conductor mira el celular durante 3 segundos a 40 kilómetros por hora recorre 33 metros a ciegas. En otras palabras, hace casi media cuadra con una venda en los ojos.

Manejar mientras se manipula un teléfono, o utilizando auriculares en los oídos o equipos de video, es sancionado por el Código de Faltas porteño. Por esta infracción, durante 2018 se registraron 221.807 actas, contra las 142.236 del año anterior. El incremento ocurre aun cuando su detección es una de las más difíciles de penar porque exige la presencia de agentes. En la Ciudad, con la tecnología actual, no puede hacerse a través de fotos o cámaras.

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La multa representa 100 Unidades Fijas, cuyo valor equivale al precio de medio litro de nafta del mayor octanaje que se vende en estaciones YPF del Automóvil Club Argentino. Hoy implica el desembolso de $ 1.785, pero se duplica si el conductor está escribiendo un mensaje y se triplica cuando esta acción la hace un colectivero, taxista, remisero o un conductor de micros escolares.

El endurecimiento frente al envío de mensajes se incorporó hace 11 años. Los expertos explican que bajar la cabeza para pulsar una sola tecla demanda entre dos y tres segundos, y más tiempo conlleva una distracción mayor. En tanto el uso del celular al volante se pena en Capital desde 2000.

Aunque sea obvio, mucha gente no es consciente. Esto obligó a desarrollar nuevas ideas para lograr que haya prevención. Por ejemplo, en Francia, para los millenials se pensó una campaña de educación vial con un video que dice: “Cada año cientos mueren detrás del volante por enviar mensajes de texto. La mayoría de las víctimas es menor a 25 años. ¿Cómo los convencés de que no lo hagan?”. Y se auto-responde: “Obligándolos a escribir mientras manejan”. A continuación, aparecen escenas en las que a adolescentes y jóvenes durante el examen de conducir les hacen creer que, además de estacionar, esquivar conitos y dar vueltas, deben manejar y escribir mensajes del tipo “llego tarde” o “regreso luego”. Al hacerlo, los jóvenes concluyeron que representaba un riesgo alto.

Es una muy buena campaña porque trabaja sobre la falta de conciencia del peligro”, califica Paula Bisiau, subsecretaria de Movilidad Sustentable y Segura del Gobierno porteño. Y sigue: “Las normas son claras. Todos sabemos que al conducir hay que tener el 100% de la atención y que un teléfono la reduce. Pero pareciera que hay que exagerar para que los automovilistas entiendan que manejar y usar el celular al mismo tiempo es una locura”.

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Pero para los que viven en el Área Metropolitana ni siquiera las autopistas son un ámbito en el que aumentan la atención. Un informe de Autopistas del Sol y Autopistas del Oeste, las concesionarias de la Panamericana y el Acceso Oeste, relevó que en promedio el 13,5% de la personas usa celular mientras maneja. A primera vista la cifra puede parecer un índice poco relevante, pero es grave al contemplar que en estas vías los autos pueden ir a 120 kilómetros por hora. En ese contexto, escribir una sola tecla en el celular significa recorrer 100 metros a ciegas.

Los riesgos son claros: el celular genera pérdida de la visión periférica, de la concentración y de los reflejos. Si bien en Capital no está prohibida la comunicación con manos libres -Bluetooth-, desde la Secretaria de Transporte la desaconsejan. “Tenés las manos, los pies y la visión disponible, pero parte de la cabeza está en la charla”, dice Bisiau y diferencia esa modalidad de hablar con un copiloto: “Cuando el interlocutor no está presente se da un tipo de conversación y de demanda distinta. El copiloto también está en alerta y sigue las maniobras. En general, frente a un imprevisto o situación compleja el copiloto se calla”.

Las distracciones también pueden producirse por el uso de aplicaciones como Waze o Google Maps. Al respecto, Fabián Pons, titular del Observatorio Vial Latinoamericano (OVILAM), recomienda: “Primero, siempre cargar una dirección con el vehículo detenido; y segundo, usar la guía en modo auditivo y no visual. No se puede manejar y estar mirando una pantalla al mismo tiempo”. NR

Fuente consultada: Clarín

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